Xiphinema Index y X. Americanum en suelos de viñedos mendocinos

• Autores: Feldman, Jose M.; Pontis, Rafael E.
• Año de publicación: 1963
• Idioma: español castellano
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Vol. 10, no. 1-2; http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/18024
• Materia: Suelo; Suelos de viñedos; Viñas; Xiphinema index; Xiphinema americanum; Mendoza (Argentina : provincia); Virus de las plantas; Enfermedades de las plantas; Fitopatología; Viñedos enfermos
• Institución: Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

La existencia de focos importantes de virosis del grupo de la degeneración infecciosa (mosaico amarillo y hoja en abanico I constituye una amenaza para nuestra viticultura, agravada por la presencia, en los suelos de viñedos enfermos, del nematode Kiphinema index. Este nematode se nutre de las raíces de la vid y se desplaza por el suelo trasmitiendo la enfermedad. Es así como, a partir de pequeños focos virosos, se produce un activo proceso ele diseminación que abarca áreas cada vez más grandes y multiplica los riesgos. Se conoce una serie de medidas destinadas a prevenir y controlar la expansión ele este proceso, aunque para la exitosa aplicación de muchas de ellas es necesario, previamente, efectuar estudios y experimentaciones en las condiciones ele nuestro medio. Los productores y las instituciones relacionados con la vitivinicultura deberían, desde ya, prestar preferente atención a este problema.
The existence of virus focus from the group of infectious degeneration (yellow mosaic and fanleaf) is a menace four our viticulture. That is aggravated by the presence of the dagger nematode, Kiphinema index, in diseased vineyard soils. This nematode feeds on the vine roots and spreads through the soil, transmiting thus the disease. In this way through small virus focus and active spreading process which comprises bigger areas, multiplying thus the risks, is accomplished. A series of measures to prevent and to control the spread of this process in known, though for the successful application of some of them it is previously necessary to make some studies and experiences in our environmental conditions. The producers and institutions engaged to the viticulture and wine making industry should take preferable attention to this problem. Kiphinema index besides its rol as a virus vector, it performs by itself a parasitic activity. It is very probable that future determinations will prove that it is also present in free virus grapevines where it may cause troubles, due to its parasitic activity. Kiphinema americanum, as we have found, is a common and abundant species in our vineyard's soils, It is known that in other countries it parasites in man y crops and that in many cases it acts as virus vector. But it is neither associated up to now to the transmission of any viruses of the vine, nor its rol as a parasite in vineyards, has been determinated.
Fil: Feldman, Jose M..
Fil: Pontis, Rafael E.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias