Abstract:

La presente comunicación analiza la posición de la Sociedad Rural de Gualeguaychú ante diversas políticas públicas destinadas al agro entre 1979 y 1982 a través de la publicación vocera de la entidad, la revista Palo a Pique , nacida en 1979 con el subtítulo de Anales de la Sociedad Rural. La revista que trata diversas cuestiones vinculadas al sector agrícola, tiene la función de informar y educar al productor, al tiempo que pretende reflejar sus demandas frente al Estado nacional y provincial, cuando éstos aplican medidas de carácter tributario que atentan -según la publicación- contra el normal desarrollo de las actividades rurales.

The present communication analyze the position of the Sociedad Rural de Gualeguaychú facing the diverse public policies related to the agro between 1979 and 1982 through the publication that gives voice to theentity, the magazine "Palo a Pique", born in 1979 with the subtitle "Anales de la Sociedad Rural ". The magazine issued diverse topics related to the agricultural sector and had the function to inform and educate the producer, while at the same time it pretended to reflect its demands to the National and province government when they applied tax measures that prejudiced (in the publication mind) the everyday development of the country activities.

Abstract:

The record of Guloninae presents mainly a Holarctic distribution, with only Eira barbara occurring in South America (SA). This lineage immigrated from Central America at least in the Pleistocene. The fossil record of Guloninae for SA is limited to a few known specimens of Eira from Late Pleistocene of Brazil. We report a new specimen of E. barbara (an upper carnassial) from Late Pleistocene of Entre Ríos, Argentina. We also discuss the taxonomic assignation of this new fossil and its paleoenvironmental relevance using Species Distribution Modeling (SDM). The new material comes from Ensenada Creek, Salto Ander Egg Formation, from the Late Pleistocene between 120 and 60 ky BP. The locality is farther south than its recent distribution, and SDM shows low suitability values for such area, which also indicates that the species is absent from this area in present time. The P4 is bigger and the protocone has a more anterior position relative to the paracone than that of recent specimens of E. barbara. This new fossil indicates that E. barbara had a wider distribution over the Late Pleistocene and, if our interpretation is correct, it has been present in SA at least since 120-60 ky BP. The presence of E. barbara in such a southern locality, together with other taxa recorded in this site and the associated geological and paleoenvironmental evidences, indicates warmer and more humid conditions, compared with the current conditions, which might have allowed a southern displacement of taxa more related to forested and tropical environments.

Author affiliation: Schiaffini, Mauro Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina

Author affiliation: Prevosti, Francisco Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Secretaría de Industria y Minería. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Provincia de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; Argentina

Author affiliation: Ferrero, Brenda Soledad. Provincia de Entre Ríos. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción. Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción; Argentina

Author affiliation: Noriega, Jorge Ignacio. Provincia de Entre Ríos. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción. Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción; Argentina

Abstract:

A backbone phylogeny that fully resolves all subfamily and deeper nodes of Asteraceae was constructed using 14 chloroplast DNA loci. The recently named genus Famatinanthus was found to be sister to the Mutisioideae?Asteroideae clade that represents more than 99% of Asteraceae and was found to have the two chloroplast inversions present in all Asteraceae except the nine genera of Barnadesioideae. A monotypic subfamily Famatinanthoideae and tribe Famatinantheae are named herein as new. Relationships among the basal lineages of the family were resolved with strong support in the Bayesian analysis as (Barnadesioideae (Famatinanthoideae (Mutisioideae (Stifftioideae (Wunderlichioideae?Asteroideae))))). Ancestral state reconstruction of ten morphological characters at the root node of the<br />Asteraceae showed that the ancestral sunflower would have had a woody habit, alternate leaves, solitary capitulescences, epaleate receptacles, smooth styles, smooth to microechinate pollen surface sculpturing, white to yellow corollas, and insect-mediated pollination. Herbaceous habit, echinate pollen surface, pubescent styles, and cymose capitulescences were reconstructed for backbone nodes of the phylogeny corresponding to clades that evolved shortly after Asteraceae dispersed out of South America. No support<br />was found for discoid capitula, multiseriate involucres or bird pollination as the ancestral character condition for any node. Using this more resolved phylogenetic tree, the recently described Raiguenrayuncura + Mutisiapollis telleriae fossil should be associated to a more derived node than previously suggested when time calibrating phylogenies of Asteraceae.

Author affiliation: Panero, Jose L.. University Of Texas; Estados Unidos

Author affiliation: Freyre, Susana E.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; Argentina

Author affiliation: Ariza Espinar, Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina

Author affiliation: Crozier, Bonnie.

Author affiliation: Barboza, Gloria Estela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas; Argentina

Author affiliation: Cantero, Juan J.. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Biologia Agricola; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina

Abstract:

In drylands livestock grazing is the main production activity, but overgrazing due to mismanagement is a major cause of biodiversity loss. Continuous grazing around water sources generates a radial gradient of grazing intensity called the piosphere. The ecological sustainability of this system is questionable and alternative management needs to be evaluated. We apply simple indicators of species response to grazing gradients, and we propose a novel methodological approach to compare community response to grazing gradients (double reciprocal analysis). We assessed degradation gradients of biodiversity under different management strategies in semiarid rangelands of the Monte desert (Argentina) by analyzing changes in vegetation, ants and small mammal richness and diversity, and variation due to seasonality. At the species level, we determined the trend in abundance of each species along the gradient, and the potential cross-taxa surrogacy. At the community level, the new methodological consists of assessing the magnitude of biodiversity degradation along different piospheres by comparing the slopes of linear functions obtained by the double reciprocal analysis. We found that most species showed a decreasing trend along the gradient under continuous grazing; while under rotational grazing fewer species showed a decreasing trend, and a neutral trend (no change in the abundance along the gradient of grazing intensity) was the most common. We found that vegetation cannot be used as a surrogacy taxon of animal response. Moreover, weak cross-taxa surrogacy was found only for animal assemblages during the wet season. The double reciprocal analysis allowed for comparison of multi-taxa response under different seasons and management types. By its application, we found that constrains in precipitation interacted with disturbance by increasing the negative effect of grazing on vegetation, but not on animal assemblages. Continuous grazing causes biodiversity loss in all situations. Rotational grazing prevents the occurrence of vegetation degradation and maintains higher levels of animal diversity, acting as an opportunity for biodiversity conservation under current scenarios of land use extensification. Our approach highlights the importance of considering multi-taxa and intrinsic variability in the analysis, and should be of value to managers concerned with biodiversity conservation.

Author affiliation: Chillo, María Verónica. University of Guelph; Canadá. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; Argentina

Author affiliation: Ojeda, Ricardo Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; Argentina

Author affiliation: Anand, Madhur. University of Guelph; Canadá

Author affiliation: Reynolds, James F.. University of Duke; Estados Unidos

Abstract:

Prior to this study, the genus HeraeusStål, 1862 included 14 species, all of which are restricted to the Western Hemisphere. Three species are known from the Nearctic Region, nine from the Neotropical Region, and two mainly tropical elements are distributed in both regions. In this contribution, we consider Heraeus cincticornisStål, 1874 a junior synonym of Heraeus elegans (Walker, 1873), select a lectotype for Heraeus coquillettiBarber, 1914, and neotype for Lygaeus triguttatusGuérin-Méneville, 1857, and describe 28 new species. In addition, the two new genera, Baranowskiobiusgen.nov., to include H.elegans (Baranowskiobius eleganscomb.nov.) and two new species, and Paraheraeusgen.nov., to include Heraeus eximiusDistant, 1882 (Paraheraeus eximiuscomb.nov.), are described. Previously described species and new taxa are (re)described and illustrated, including male genitalia. Scanning electron micrographs, general habitus photographs, and distribution maps are included for all species studied. A phylogenetic analysis comprising 46 terminal taxa and 50 morphological characters was performed, and five species groups were hypothesized, including the coquilletti, caliginosus, guttatus, illitus, and plebejus groups. All known species of Heraeus and the new genera are included in the phylogenetic analysis. The type species of the genera MyodochaLatreille, 1807, OrthaeaDallas, 1852, and Paisana Dellapé, 2008 are used as out-groups.

Author affiliation: Dellapé, Pablo Matías. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Entomología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Author affiliation: Melo, María Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Entomología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Author affiliation: Henry, Thomas J.. National Museum of Natural History; Estados Unidos

Abstract:

Effective government action to alleviate social inequalities and boost economic growth, from the strict tax orbit, is a task consciously rejected by theparliament and government. Indeed, they subordinate inclusive public policies, almost exclusively, from "non-commercial" forms, such as those offered by the financial sphere through the use of conditional cash transfers, socialexpenditures and subsidies, tax collection products, others Government revenues and indebtedness. Although in Latin American countries poverty can be temporarily reduce through these government instruments, economic inequality will be maintained or will continue to increase, as will the opportunity grabbing, until there is no structural changes, primarily in the tax field, along with many other integrated solutions beyond the object of our study.

Author affiliation: Rezzoagli, Luciano Carlos. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales del Litoral. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales del Litoral; Argentina

Abstract:

Four new genera of the family Proedischiidae Pinto & Ornellas, 1978 are described from the Upper Carboniferous of the Bajo de Véliz locality (Argentina) : Velizphlebia cruzi gen. et sp. n., Paganzophlebia polyclada gen. et sp. n., Irajanarkemina gen. n. (type species Narkemina rodendorfi Pinto & Ornellas, 1978), Argentinonarkemina gen. n. (type species Paranarkemina amosi Pinto, 1992). The position of the genus Proedischia Pinto & Ornellas, 1978 from the Upper Carboniferous, Paraná Basin, is discussed, and Narkeminidae Pinto & Ornellas, 1991 is synonymised with Proedischiidae. Taiophlebiidae fam. n. is described from the Upper Carboniferous of Brazil. New combinations are proposed : Carpenteroptera rochacamposi (Pinto & Ornellas, 1978), comb. n., is transferred from the genus Narkemina Martynov, 1930 to the genus Carpenteroptera Pinto, 1990 (family Carpenteropteridae); Taiophlebia ferreirai (Pinto, 1994), comb. n., from the genus Archaemegaptilus Pinto, 1994 to the genus Taiophlebia gen. n. (family Taiophlebiidae); and Carpenteroptera rochacamposi (Pinto & Ornellas, 1978), comb. n., from the genus Narkemina to the genus Carpenteroptera Pinto, 1990 (family Carpenteropteridae)

Author affiliation: Martins-Neto, R. G.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; Brasil

Author affiliation: Gallego, Oscar Florencio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral; Argentina

Author affiliation: Brauckmann, C.. Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie; Alemania

Author affiliation: Cruz, J. A.. No especifica;

Abstract:

El presente trabajo busca aportar a la comprensión de la intervención política de la burguesía agraria pampeana, tomando como observable las acciones y los posicionamientos de las corporaciones rurales en un momento de crisis política. Los estudios sobre el tema han tendido a sobreestimar las diferencias entre productores chicos ("chacareros") y grandes ("oligarquía"), lo que ha eclipsado el estudio de los momentos de confluencia, que tienen por lo menos 40 años de historia en la Argentina. Luego de discutir el enfoque predominante en la bibliografía, abordaremos la conformación, en 1970, de la Comisión de Enlace, en la que confluyeron Federación Agraria, CONINAGRO, Confederaciones Rurales Argentinas y Sociedad Rural. Recurriendo a periódicos de tirada nacional y documentos institucionales de las corporaciones, reconstruiremos los acuerdos en torno a los que se estructuró esta alianza y su intervención concreta.

This paper seeks to contribute to the understanding of the political intervention of the agrarian "pampeana" bourgeoisie, taking as observable the actions and the rural groups positions at a time of political crisis. Studies on the topic have tended to overestimate the differences between small producers ("landholders") and large ("oligarchs"), which has overshadowed the study of the moments of confluence, which have at least 40 years of history in the Argentina. After discussing the dominant approach in the literature, we will address the creation, in 1970, of the Liaison Committee, where converged Agrarian Federation, CONINAGRO, Argentine Rural Confederations and Rural Society. Drawing on national newspapers and corporate institutional documents, we rebuild the agreements around this alliance was structured and her specific intervention.

Abstract:

Author affiliation: Echenique, Josefina. Universidad de San Andrés. Escuela de Administración y Negocios; Argentina.

Diez, Gustavo E.

Abstract:

n.d.

Verón, Carmen; Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Estadística; Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina.