Authors: Palazzini, Juan Manuel; Yerkovich, Nadia; Alberione, Enrique Javier; Chiotta, María Laura; Chulze, Sofia Noemí
Publication Date: 2017.
Language: English.
Abstract:
Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by species within the Fusarium graminearum complex is a devastating disease that causes extensive yield and quality losses to wheat in humid and semi-humid regions of the world. The disease can cause not only yield losses but also grain contamination with mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON). Several epidemics have occurred in Argentina, the last in 2012, with yield losses up to 70%. Control of the disease is partially achieved by chemical treatments, crop rotation, breeding for resistance and tillage practices. Biocontrol can be used as part of an integrated pest management. The objetives of this study were: 1- to evaluate the biological control effect of Streptomyces sp. RC 87B on FHB disease incidence, severity and DON accumulation and 2- to evaluate if Streptomyces sp. RC 87B reduces F. graminearum inoculum when applied to wheat stubble. Streptomyces sp. RC 87B was applied at wheat anthesis to determine effects on FHB disease parameters and over wheat stubble left after harvest to evaluate effects on the survival of F. graminearum. FHB incidence and severity were visually estimated and DON content was assessed by HPLC after harvest. On stubble, F. graminearum prevalence was monitored by using TaqMan PCR for 180 days. A significant disease severity and DON reduction were observed with the biocontrol treatments during the field trials (29–39% and 69–85%, respectively), but no reduction on disease incidence was achieved. On wheat stubble, Streptomyces sp. 87B reduced F. graminearum inoculum after 45 days (82%) and after 90 days no inoculum was detected in the first of two trials. In a second trial, a significant reduction (46%) in F. graminearum inoculum was observed after 90 days. The biocontrol strain Streptomyces sp. 87B showed high potential for contributing to the reduction of FHB on wheat at different times in the F. graminearum life cycle.
EEA Marcos Juárez
Author affiliation: Palazzini, Juan Manuel. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina
Author affiliation: Yerkovich, N. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina
Author affiliation: Alberione, Enrique Javier. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Chiotta, Maria Laura. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina
Author affiliation: Chulze, Sofia Noemí. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina
Repository: INTA Digital (INTA). Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
Authors: Palazzini, Juan Manuel; Haas, B. H. Groenenboom de; Torres, Adriana Mabel; Köhl, J.; Chulze, Sofia Noemi
Publication Date: 2012.
Language: English.
Abstract:
The biocontrol effect of Clonostachys rosea (strains 016 and 1457) on Fusarium graminearum, F. avenaceum, F. verticillioides, F. langsethiae, F. poae, F. sporotrichioides, F. culmorum and Microdochium nivale was evaluated on naturally infected wheat stalks exposed to field conditions for 180 days. Experiments were conducted at two locations in Argentina, Marcos Juarez and Rı´o Cuarto. Antagonists were applied as conidial suspensions at two inoculum levels. Pathogens were quantified by TaqMan real-time qPCR. During the first year at Marcos Juarez, biocontrol was observed in one antagonist treatment for F. graminearum after 90 days (73% reduction) but after 180 days, the pathogen decreased to undetectable levels. During the second year, biocontrol was observed in three antagonist treatments for F. graminearum and F. avenaceum (68 3% and 98 9% DNA reduction, respectively, after 90 days). Fusarium verticillioides was not controlled at Marcos Juarez. At Rı´o Cuarto, biocontrol effects were observed in several treatments at different intervals, with a mean DNA reduction of 88 7% for F. graminearum and F. avenaceum, and 100% reduction for F. verticillioides in two treatments after 180 days. Populations of F. avenaceum and F. verticillioides were stable; meanwhile, F. graminearum population levels varied during the first 90 days, and low levels were observed after 180 days. The other pathogens were not detected. The study showed that wheat stalks were important reservoirs for F. avenaceum and F. verticillioides populations but less favourable for F. graminearum survival. Clonostachys rosea (strain 1457) showed potential to reduce the Fusarium spp. on wheat stalks.
Author affiliation: Palazzini, Juan Manuel. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Author affiliation: Haas, B. H. Groenenboom de. University Of Agriculture Wageningen; Países Bajos
Author affiliation: Torres, Adriana Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Author affiliation: Köhl, J.. University Of Agriculture Wageningen; Países Bajos
Author affiliation: Chulze, Sofia Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Repository: CONICET Digital (CONICET). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
Authors: Palazzini, Juan Manuel; Alberione, Enrique Javier; Torres, Adriana; Donat, Christina; Kohl, Jürgen; Chulze, Sofia Noemí
Publication Date: 2016.
Language: English.
Abstract:
Fusarium head blight (FHB) mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum is a devastating disease that causes extensive yield and quality losses to wheat in humid and semi-humid regions of the world. The biocontrol effect of two bacterial strains on FHB incidence, severity and deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation in wheat was evaluated in field trials during 2010 and 2011 at Marcos Juarez, Córdoba province, Argentina. Bacillus subtilis RC 218 and Brevibacillus sp. RC 263 applied at anthesis period were evaluated through several combinations of cell type, strains, inoculum density (104 and 106 cfu/ml) and physiological modification. A significant and consistent biocontrol effect on FHB severity and DON contamination was observed in all the evaluated treatments during both 2010 and 2011 field trials. Reduction in FHB severity ranged 62–76% and 42–58% for 2010 and 2011 field trials, respectively. When evaluating the effect of the combined strains (104 + 104 and 106 + 106 cfu/ml), a better biocontrol effect was observed in 2010 field trial. After biocontrol treatments, no DON accumulation was observed in wheat heads; meanwhile in control plots an average of 1372 μg/kg DON was detected during the two trials. FHB incidence was significantly reduced by biocontrol treatments during the 2010 field trial but not during the 2011 field trial. The results showed the effectiveness of the two formulated biological control agents in reducing both FHB severity and DON accumulation by F. graminearum under semi controlled field conditions.
EEA Marcos Juárez
Author affiliation: Palazzini, Juan Manuel. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina
Author affiliation: Alberione, Enrique Javier. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Torres, Adriana. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina
Author affiliation: Donat, Christina. Bio-ferm GmbH; Austria
Author affiliation: Kohl, Jürgen. Wageningen UR, Plant Research International; Holanda
Author affiliation: Chulze, Sofia Noemí. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina.
Repository: INTA Digital (INTA). Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
Authors: Palazzini, Juan Manuel; Fumero, Veronica; Barros, Germán Gustavo; Yerkovich, Nadia; Cuniberti, Martha Beatriz; Chulze, Sofia Noemí
Publication Date: 2015.
Language: English.
Abstract:
Fusarium graminearum (Schwabe) is reported as the main causal agent of Fusarium head blight in Argentina. The disease causes great losses in humid and semi-humid regions of the world, reducing grain yield and quality. During 2012/13 harvest season, a severe epidemic occurred in Argentina. The aims of this work were to determine the F. graminearum incidence and deoxynivalenol accumulation in wheat grain and flour samples obtained from two of the main wheat growing regions from Argentina. Levels of the pathogen and deoxynivalenol content were correlated in heads, grains and flour. Out of 69 wheat grain samples, 55 (79.7%) showed deoxynivalenol levels between 0.4 and 8.5 μg/kg. Fusarium graminearum was the main species isolated, the isolation frequency ranged from 30 to 52% of the total grains analyzed. Correlations were observed between deoxynivalenol content, % of F. graminearum infection, presence of the pathogen in heads, grain and flour.
EEA Marcos Juárez
Author affiliation: Palazzini, Juan Manuel. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina
Author affiliation: Fumero, Veronica. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina
Author affiliation: Yerkovich, Nadia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina
Author affiliation: Barros, Germán Gustavo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología E Inmunología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Author affiliation: Cuniberti, Martha Beatriz. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Chulze, Sofia Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Repository: INTA Digital (INTA). Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
Authors: Alberione, Enrique Javier; Bainotti, Carlos Tomas; Donaire, Guillermo Manuel; Fraschina, Jorge Alberto; Salines, Jose Hector; Salines, Nicolas; Gomez, Dionisio Tomas; Chulze, Sofia Noemí; Palazzini, Juan Manuel; Mir, Leticia Raquel; Formica, Maria Beatriz; Cuniberti, Martha Beatriz
Publication Date: 2015.
Language: Spanish.
Abstract:
En 2012 se caracterizaron cultivares de trigo frente a ataques severos de Fusariosis de la es-piga en Marcos Juárez en ensayos de RET y bajo infección artifi cial. Se determinó incidencia, severidad rendimiento de granos, peso de mil granos (PMG), peso hectolítrico (PH) , proporción de granos enfermos, contenido de deoxynivalenol (DON) y contenido de proteínas en granos, ha-llándose diferencias signifi cativas (p<0,05). Se afectó el PH, PMG y rendimiento. Presentaron baja infección Lenox, LE 2330, ACA 356, Klein Zorro y Klein Tauro. El contenido de DON fue variable, no detectándose en Baguette 801Premium y SY200. Se observó inconsistente asociación entre infección y contenido de DON; fue baja en ACA 356 y LE 2330 y alta en ACA 906 y Klein León. La proteína no se vio afectada. La calidad industrial tuvo caídas en el W del alveograma. Los cultivares más destacados fueron Klein Zorro, Klein Tauro, Klein Proteo Cronox y SY200
In 2012 was caracterized wheat cultivars against Fusarium head front FHB severes attacksin RET assays and under artificial infection conditions in Marcos Juárez. Was determined incidence, severity grain yield,thousand kernel weight (TKW), hectoliters weight (HW)damage kernels proportion deoxinivalenol content and protein content. In this variables was find significatives stadistic diferences (p<0,05). The HW, TKW and grain yield was afected for the disease. Little infection was observed in Lenox, LE 2330, ACA 356, Klein Zorro y Klein Tauro. The DON content was variable. In Baguette 801Premium y SY200 wasn`t detected. Wasn`t observed lineal relation between infection and DON content; was littel in ACA 356 and LE 2330 and was hight in ACA 906 and Klein León. The protein wasn`t afected. The industrial quality falled in the W alveogram´s. The cultivars most prominented was Klein Zorro, Klein Tauro, Klein Proteo, Cronox and SY200.
EEA Marcos Juárez
Author affiliation: Alberione, Enrique Javier. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Bainotti, Carlos Tomas. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Donaire, Guillermo Manuel. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Fraschina, Jorge Alberto. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Salines, José Héctor. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Salines, Nicolas. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Gomez, Dionisio Tomas. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Chulze, Sofia Noemí. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina.
Author affiliation: Palazzini, Juan Manuel. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina
Author affiliation: Mir, Leticia Raquel. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Formica, Maria Beatriz. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Author affiliation: Cuniberti, Martha Beatriz. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentina
Repository: INTA Digital (INTA). Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria