Authors: Seabloom, Eric W.; Borer, Elizabeth T.; Buckley, Yvonne; Cleland, Elsa E.; Kendi, Davies; Firn, Jennifer; Hartpole, Stanley W.; Hautier, Yann; Lind, Eric; MacDougall, Andrew; Orrock, John L.; Prober, Suzanne M.; Adler, Peter; Alberti, Juan; Anderson, T. Michael; Bakker, Jonathan D.; Biederman, Lori A.; Blumenthal, Dana; Browns, Cynthia S.; Brudvig, Lars A.; Caldeira, Maria; Chu, Chengjin; Crawley, Michel; Daleo, Pedro; Damschen, Ellen I.; D'antonio, Carla; Decrappeo, Nicole; Dickman, Chris; Du, Guozhen; Fay, Philip; Frater, Paul; Gruner, Daniel S.; Hagenah, Nicole; Hector, Andrew; Helm, Avellina; Hillebrand, Helmut; Hofmockel, Kirsten; Humphries, Hope; Iribarne, Oscar Osvaldo; Jin, Virginia L.; Kay, Adam; Kirkman, Kevin; Klein, Julia; Knops, Johannes M. H.; La Pierre, Kimberly; Ladwig, Laura M.; Lambrinos, John G.; Leakey, Andrew; Li, Qi; Li, Wei; McCulley, Rebecca; Melbourne, Brett; Mitchell, Charles; Moore, Joslin; Morgan, John; Mortensen, Brent; O'Halloran, Lydia; Pärtel, Meelis; Pascual, Jesus Maria; Pyke, David A.; Risch, Anita; Salguero Goméz, Roberto; Sankaran, Mahesh; Schuetz, Martin; Simonsen, Anna; Smith, Melinda; Stevens, Carly; Sullivan, Lauren; Wardle, Glenda M.; Wolkovich, Elizabeth M.; Wragg, Peter D.; Wright, Justin; Yang, Louie
Publication Date: 2013.
Language: English.
Abstract:
Invasions have increased the size of regional species pools, but are typically assumed to reduce native diversity. Invasions have increased the size of regional species pools, but are typically assumed to reduce native diversity. However, global-scale tests of this assumption have been elusive because of the focus on exotic species richness, rather than relative abundance. This is problematic because low invader richness can indicate invasion resistance by the native community or, alternatively, dominance by a single exotic species. Here, we used a globally replicated study to quantify relationships between exotic richness and abundance in grass-dominated ecosystems in 13 countries on six continents, ranging from salt marshes to alpine tundra. We tested effects of human land use, native community diversity, herbivore pressure, and nutrient limitation on exotic plant dominance. Despite its widespread use, exotic richness was a poor proxy for exotic dominance at low exotic richness, because sites that contained few exotic species ranged from relatively pristine (low exotic richness and cover) to almost completely exotic-dominated ones (low exotic richness but high exotic cover). Both exotic cover and richness were predicted by native plant diversity (native grass richness) and land use (distance to cultivation). Although climate was important for predicting both exotic cover and richness, climatic factors predicting cover (precipitation variability) differed from those predicting richness (maximum temperature and mean temperature in the wettest quarter). Herbivory and nutrient limitation did not predict exotic richness or cover. Exotic dominance was greatest in areas with low native grass richness at the site- or regional-scale. Although this could reflect native grass displacement, a lack of biotic resistance is a more likely explanation, given that grasses comprise the most aggressive invaders. These findings underscore the need to move beyond richness as a surrogate for the extent of invasion, because this metric confounds monodominance with invasion resistance. Monitoring species' relative abundance will more rapidly advance our understanding of invasions.
Author affiliation: Seabloom, Eric W.. University of Minnesota; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Borer, Elizabeth T.. University of Minnesota; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Buckley, Yvonne. The University Of Queensland; Australia
Author affiliation: Cleland, Elsa E.. University of California, San Diego; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Kendi, Davies. State University of Colorado Boulder; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Firn, Jennifer. Queensland University of Technology. Brisbane; Australia
Author affiliation: Hartpole, Stanley W.. Iowa State University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Hautier, Yann. University of Zurich; Suiza
Author affiliation: Lind, Eric. Universidad de Minnesota; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: MacDougall, Andrew. University of Guelph; Canadá
Author affiliation: Orrock, John L.. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Prober, Suzanne M.. CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences; Australia
Author affiliation: Adler, Peter. Utah State University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Alberti, Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina
Author affiliation: Anderson, T. Michael. Wake Forest University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Bakker, Jonathan D.. University of Washington; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Biederman, Lori A.. Iowa State University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Blumenthal, Dana. Rangeland Resources Research Unit; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Browns, Cynthia S.. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Brudvig, Lars A.. Michigan State University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Caldeira, Maria. Technical University of Lisbon; Portugal
Author affiliation: Chu, Chengjin. Lanzhou University; China
Author affiliation: Crawley, Michel. Imperial College London; Reino Unido
Author affiliation: Daleo, Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina
Author affiliation: Damschen, Ellen I.. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: D'antonio, Carla. University of California; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Decrappeo, Nicole. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Dickman, Chris. University of Sydney; Australia
Author affiliation: Du, Guozhen. Lanzhou University; China
Author affiliation: Fay, Philip. Grassland Soil and Water Research Lab; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Frater, Paul. Iowa State University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Gruner, Daniel S.. University of Queensland; Australia
Author affiliation: Hagenah, Nicole. University of KwaZulu-Natal; Sudáfrica
Author affiliation: Hector, Andrew. University of Zurich; Suiza
Author affiliation: Helm, Avellina. University Of Tartu.; Estonia
Author affiliation: Hillebrand, Helmut. Carl-von-Ossietzky University; Alemania
Author affiliation: Hofmockel, Kirsten. Iowa State University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Humphries, Hope. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Iribarne, Oscar Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina
Author affiliation: Jin, Virginia L.. Agroecosystem Management Research Unit; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Kay, Adam. University of St. Thomas; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Kirkman, Kevin. University of KwaZulu-Natal; Estonia
Author affiliation: Klein, Julia. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Knops, Johannes M. H.. University Of Nebraska; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: La Pierre, Kimberly. Yale University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Ladwig, Laura M.. University Of New Mexico; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Lambrinos, John G.. Oregon State University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Leakey, Andrew. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Li, Qi. Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; China
Author affiliation: Li, Wei. Southwest Forestry University; China
Author affiliation: McCulley, Rebecca. University Of Kentucky; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Melbourne, Brett. State University of Colorado Boulder; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Mitchell, Charles. University of North Carolina; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Moore, Joslin. Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology; Australia
Author affiliation: Morgan, John. La Trobe University; Australia
Author affiliation: Mortensen, Brent. Iowa State University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: O'Halloran, Lydia. Oregon State University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Pärtel, Meelis. University Of Tartu.; Estonia
Author affiliation: Pascual, Jesus Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina
Author affiliation: Pyke, David A.. University of California; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Risch, Anita. Swiss Federal Institute For Forest, Snow And Landscape Research; Suiza
Author affiliation: Salguero Goméz, Roberto. The University Of Queensland; Australia
Author affiliation: Sankaran, Mahesh. National Centre for Biological Sciences; India
Author affiliation: Schuetz, Martin. Swiss Federal Institute For Forest, Snow And Landscape Research; Suiza
Author affiliation: Simonsen, Anna. University of Toronto; Canadá
Author affiliation: Smith, Melinda. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Stevens, Carly. Lancaster Environment Center; Canadá
Author affiliation: Sullivan, Lauren. Iowa State University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Wardle, Glenda M.. University of Sydney; Australia
Author affiliation: Wolkovich, Elizabeth M.. University of British Columbia; Canadá
Author affiliation: Wragg, Peter D.. The University Of Queensland; Australia
Author affiliation: Wright, Justin. University of Duke; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Yang, Louie. University of California; Estados Unidos
Repository: CONICET Digital (CONICET). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas