Authors: Galluzzi, L.; Aaronson, S. A.; Abrams, J.; Alnemri, E. S.; Andrews, D. W.; Baehrecke, E. H.; Bazan, N. G.; Blagosklonny, M. V.; Blomgren, K.; Borner, C.; Bredesen, E.; Brenner, C.; Castedo, M.; Cidlowski, J. A.; Ciechanover, A.; Cohen, G. M.; De Laurenzi, V.; De Maria, R.; Deshmukh, M.; Dynlacht, B. D.; El Deiry, W. S.; Flavell, R. A.; Fulda, S.; Garrido, C.; Golstein, P.; Gougeon, M. L.; Green, D. R.; Gronemeyer, H.; Hajnóczky, G.; Hardwick, J. M.; Hengartner, M.O.; Ichijo, H.; Jäättelä, M.; Kepp, O.; Kimchi, A.; Klionsky, D. J.; Knight, R. A.; Kornbluth, S.; Kumar, S.; Levine, B.; Lipton, S. A.; Lugli, E.; Madeo, F.; Malorni, W.; Marine, J. C.; Martin, S. J.; Medema, J. P.; Mehlen, P.; Melino, G.; Moll, U. M.; Morselli, E.; Nagata, S.; Nicholson, D. W.; Nicotera, P.; Nuñez, G.; Oren, M.; Penninger, J.; Pervaiz, S.; Peter, M. E.; Piacentini, M.; Prehn. J. H.; Puthalakath, H.; Rabinovich, Gabriel Adrián; Rizzuto, R.; Rodrigues, C. M.; Rubinsztein, D. C.; Rudel, T.; Scorrano, L.; Simon, H. U.; Steller, H.; Tschoop, J.; Tsujimoto, Y.; Vandenabeele, P.; Vitale, I.; Vousden, K. H.; Youle, J. R.; Yuan, J.; Zhivotovsky, B.; Kroemer, G.
Publication Date: 2009.
Language: English.
Abstract:
Cell death is essential for a plethora of physiological processes, and its deregulation characterizes numerous human diseases. Thus, the in-depth investigation of cell death and its mechanisms constitutes a formidable challenge for fundamental and applied biomedical research, and has tremendous implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. It is, therefore, of utmost importance to standardize the experimental procedures that identify dying and dead cells in cell cultures and/or in tissues, from model organisms and/or humans, in healthy and/or pathological scenarios. Thus far, dozens of methods have been proposed to quantify cell death-related parameters. However, no guidelines exist regarding their use and interpretation, and nobody has thoroughly annotated the experimental settings for which each of these techniques is most appropriate. Here, we provide a nonexhaustive comparison of methods to detect cell death with apoptotic or nonapoptotic morphologies, their advantages and pitfalls. These guidelines are intended for investigators who study cell death, as well as for reviewers who need to constructively critique scientific reports that deal with cellular demise. Given the difficulties in determining the exact number of cells that have passed the point-of-no-return of the signaling cascades leading to cell death, we emphasize the importance of performing multiple, methodologically unrelated assays to quantify dying and dead cells.
Author affiliation: Galluzzi, L.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia. Institut Gustave Roussy; Francia
Author affiliation: Aaronson, S. A.. Mount Sinai School of Medicine; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Abrams, J.. University of Texas. Southwestern Medical Center; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Alnemri, E. S.. Thomas Jefferson University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Andrews, D. W.. McMaster University; Canadá
Author affiliation: Baehrecke, E. H.. University of Massachussets; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Bazan, N. G.. Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Blagosklonny, M. V.. Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Blomgren, K.. Universityt of Gothenburg; Suecia. The Queen Silvia Children; Suecia
Author affiliation: Borner, C.. Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Alemania
Author affiliation: Bredesen, E.. Buck Institute for Age Research; Estados Unidos. University of California; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Brenner, C.. univeristy of Versailles ; Francia
Author affiliation: Castedo, M.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia
Author affiliation: Cidlowski, J. A.. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Ciechanover, A.. The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Israel
Author affiliation: Cohen, G. M.. University of Leicester; Reino Unido
Author affiliation: De Laurenzi, V.. Università ‘G. d’Annunzio’ Chieti Pescara; Italia
Author affiliation: De Maria, R.. Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Italia. Mediterranean Institute of Oncology; Italia
Author affiliation: Deshmukh, M.. University of North Carolina; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Dynlacht, B. D.. University of New York; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: El Deiry, W. S.. University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Flavell, R. A.. University of Yale; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Fulda, S.. University Children; Alemania
Author affiliation: Garrido, C.. Inserm; Francia. University of Burgundy; Francia
Author affiliation: Golstein, P.. Inserm; Francia. Aix Marseille Université; Francia
Author affiliation: Gougeon, M. L.. Instituto Pasteur; Francia
Author affiliation: Green, D. R.. St. Jude Children′s Research Hospital; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Gronemeyer, H.. Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire; Francia. Inserm; Francia
Author affiliation: Hajnóczky, G.. Thomas Jefferson University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Hardwick, J. M.. Johns Hopkins University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Hengartner, M.O.. University Johns Hopkins; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Ichijo, H.. University of Tokyo; Japón
Author affiliation: Jäättelä, M.. Institute of Cancer Biology; Dinamarca
Author affiliation: Kepp, O.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia. Institut Gustave Roussy; Francia
Author affiliation: Kimchi, A.. Weizmann Institute of Science; Israel
Author affiliation: Klionsky, D. J.. University of Michigan; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Knight, R. A.. University College London; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Kornbluth, S.. University of Duke; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Kumar, S.. Hanson Institute; Australia
Author affiliation: Levine, B.. Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Estados Unidos. University of Texas; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Lipton, S. A.. Burnham Institute for Medical Research; Estados Unidos. The Salk Institute for Biological Studies; Estados Unidos. The Scripps Research Institute; Estados Unidos. University of California at San Diego; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Lugli, E.. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Madeo, F.. university of Graz; Austria
Author affiliation: Malorni, W.. Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Italia
Author affiliation: Marine, J. C.. VIB; Bélgica. Ghent University; Bélgica
Author affiliation: Martin, S. J.. Trinity College; Irlanda
Author affiliation: Medema, J. P.. Academic Medical Center; Países Bajos. University of Amsterdam; Países Bajos
Author affiliation: Mehlen, P.. Centre Léon Berard; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Universite Lyon 2; Francia
Author affiliation: Melino, G.. University of Leicester; Reino Unido. Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences; Alemania
Author affiliation: Moll, U. M.. Stony Brook University; Estados Unidos. Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences; Alemania. University of Göttingen; Alemania
Author affiliation: Morselli, E.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia. Institut Gustave Roussy; Francia
Author affiliation: Nagata, S.. University of Kyoto; Japón
Author affiliation: Nicholson, D. W.. Merck Research Laboratories; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Nicotera, P.. University of Leicester; Reino Unido
Author affiliation: Nuñez, G.. University of Michigan; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Oren, M.. Weizmann Institute of Science; Israel
Author affiliation: Penninger, J.. Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science; Austria
Author affiliation: Pervaiz, S.. National University of Singapore; Singapur. Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; Singapur
Author affiliation: Peter, M. E.. University of Chicago; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Piacentini, M.. National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "L. Spallanzani"; Italia. University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; Italia
Author affiliation: Prehn. J. H.. Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Irlanda
Author affiliation: Puthalakath, H.. La Trobe University; Australia
Author affiliation: Rabinovich, Gabriel Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina
Author affiliation: Rizzuto, R.. Università di Padova; Italia
Author affiliation: Rodrigues, C. M.. Universidade de Lisboa; Portugal
Author affiliation: Rubinsztein, D. C.. Cambridge Institute for Medical Research; Reino Unido
Author affiliation: Rudel, T.. University of Würzburg; Alemania
Author affiliation: Scorrano, L.. University of Geneva ; Suiza. Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine; Italia
Author affiliation: Simon, H. U.. University of Bern; Suiza
Author affiliation: Steller, H.. Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Estados Unidos. The Rockefeller University; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Tschoop, J.. University of Lausanne; Suiza
Author affiliation: Tsujimoto, Y.. Osaka University Medical School; Japón
Author affiliation: Vandenabeele, P.. Ghent University; Bélgica. VIB; Bélgica
Author affiliation: Vitale, I.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia. Institut Gustave Roussy; Francia
Author affiliation: Vousden, K. H.. The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research; Reino Unido
Author affiliation: Youle, J. R.. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Yuan, J.. Harvard Medical School; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Zhivotovsky, B.. Karolinska Huddinge Hospital. Karolinska Institutet; Suecia
Author affiliation: Kroemer, G.. Inserm; Francia. Universite Paris Sud; Francia. Institut Gustave Roussy; Francia
Repository: CONICET Digital (CONICET). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas