Publication Date: 2013.
Language: English.
Abstract:
Since 1993, Heavy Chain Antibodies (HCAbs) have been in the eye of a biotechnological storm. Ever since their discovery, several research groups as well as biomedical foundations and pharmaceutical companies have devoted their efforts to produce recombinant variable fragments (VHH) specific for therapeutic targets, based on HCAbs. They were supposed to be nonimmunogenic, and the smallest peptides with specific binding capacity and nanomolar affinity, and therefore expected to be an endless source of bio-drugs. In this context, a camelid-fever extended worldwide along with a sudden interest in breeding, selling and buying these animals. However, very few research groups showed interest in the health of these species, and even fewer in the immunobiological role of HCAbs in vivo. Why do these animals bear such proteins? Why has this feature only been found in camelids and cartilaginous fish? Is there any advantage in HCAbs when compared to conventional antibodies? This review is focused on the origin of the interest scientists had for HCAbs, and is aimed to understand the reasons for the generalized cooling-down of the HCAbs fever, and the sudden regained interest on camelids? health and immune system. We here review the history of HCAbs from their discovery to the current status of the knowledge about their immune system. Heavy Chain Antibodies: The panacea for human health or just incomplete proteins?
Author affiliation: Ferrari, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "Profesor R. A. Margni"; Argentina
Author affiliation: Ledesma, Martin Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "Profesor R. A. Margni"; Argentina
Author affiliation: Leoni, Juliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "Profesor R. A. Margni"; Argentina
Repository: CONICET Digital (CONICET). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
Authors: Ledesma, Martin Manuel; Díaz, Ailén Magalí; Barberis, Claudia; Vay, Carlos Alberto; Manghi, Marcela Alejandra; Leoni, Juliana; Castro, Marisa Silvia; Ferrari, Alejandro
Publication Date: 2017.
Language: English.
Abstract:
South American Camelids have an increasing relevance in local economies, worldwide. These animals are bred for their meat, fur and as companion and therapy animals. Thus, their sanitary status should be well-established. According to the OIE (World Organization for Animal Health), respiratory infections mainly produced by Pasteurella spp. have been reported for camelids. It has been stated that this microorganism causes a mild disease, although many authors report it is an important cause of mortality among alpacas. Nevertheless, the incidence of infection by Pasteurella spp. in camelids still needs to be investigated. The aim of the present study was to analyze the occurrence of nasopharyngeal colonization of Lama glama by respiratory bacteria, and to assess the usefulness of serological tests for clinical diagnosis. The colonization was studied by culture techniques carried out with material taken by nasopharyngeal swabs. Bacterial isolates were first phenotypically characterized and then identified by MALDI/TOF-MS. The presence of specific serum antibodies was studied by ELISA and Western blot. In the present work Pasteurella spp. was not found. Nevertheless, we report for the first time, the colonization of L. glama by bacteria of the Acinetobacter lwoffii, at a reliable level in 19.4% of the animals. Acinetobacter species are found in different environmental sources, as well as vegetables, animals, and humans, and their role in infections has recently gained relevance. The results presented herein contribute to a better understanding of the respiratory microbiota in camelids, and increase the knowledge about environmental distribution of Acinetobacter non-baumanii species. Given that these respiratory bacteria might be the cause of infection among cattle, and even humans, this report highlights the need for further research.
Author affiliation: Ledesma, Martin Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Author affiliation: Díaz, Ailén Magalí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Author affiliation: Barberis, Claudia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; Argentina
Author affiliation: Vay, Carlos Alberto. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; Argentina
Author affiliation: Manghi, Marcela Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Author affiliation: Leoni, Juliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Author affiliation: Castro, Marisa Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Author affiliation: Ferrari, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Repository: CONICET Digital (CONICET). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
Authors: Friedrich, Adrian; Ledesma, Martin Manuel; Landone, Ignacio; Ferrari, Alejandro; Leoni, Juliana
Publication Date: 2014.
Language: English.
Abstract:
A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was produced against immunoglobulin M (IgM) of South American camelids. A single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) assay and a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were developed to measure IgM in serum samples. Isotype and specificity of the mAb were assessed. The performance of the SRID assay was preliminarily evaluated in terms of working range, plate stability over a 4-week period, and initial intra- and interassay variation. The concentration of IgM was determined in 55 samples by SRID assay and ELISA, and results were not significantly different by t-test (0.64 ± 0.19 mg/ml for the SRID assay, and 0.58 ± 0.24 mg/ml for ELISA; P = 0.1489). The mAb was shown to be stable over the 4-week evaluation period, and the SRID assay was reproducible when tested in triplicate for intra-assay variability and in quadruplicate for interassay variability, with a percentage coefficient of variation of less than or equal to 5%. Also, the SRID assay proved to be sensitive enough to measure IgM levels in undiluted serum samples, and had a good correlation with ELISA. The current study is intended to submit a preliminary report of a mAb against IgM of South American camelids, and suggest the future potential of the mAb developed for diagnostic application, including use in the SRID assay.
Author affiliation: Friedrich, Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientiâficas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "profesor R. A. Margni"; Argentina
Author affiliation: Ledesma, Martin Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientiâficas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "profesor R. A. Margni"; Argentina
Author affiliation: Landone, Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientiâficas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "profesor R. A. Margni"; Argentina
Author affiliation: Ferrari, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientiâficas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "profesor R. A. Margni"; Argentina
Author affiliation: Leoni, Juliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientiâficas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "profesor R. A. Margni"; Argentina
Repository: CONICET Digital (CONICET). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
Authors: Díaz, Ailén Magalí; Ledesma, Martin Manuel; Calcagno, M. L.; Leoni, Juliana; Manghi, Marcela Alejandra; Canellada, Andrea Mercedes; Castro, Marisa Silvia
Publication Date: 2017.
Language: English.
Abstract:
South American camelids are a source of livestock wealth in Andean countries. In Argentina,there is little information about camelid pathogens, and most of the literature data available areseroprevalence works against virus. Besides, little is known about the immunological status againstbacterial agents affecting these animals. In an effort to explore the serological status of Argentineancamelids, we evaluated the presence of serum antibodies against bacterial pathogens involved inpneumonic diseases (Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica) in llamas from differentregions of the country. By ELISA, a high seroprevalence for both pathogens was found in the serumsamples; higher optical density (OD) values were obtained when the sera were incubated with heatkilledP. multocida as coating antigen compared to M. haemolytica. In addition, a large number ofsera analyzed presented high OD values for both microorganisms independently of their originregion. Serum avidity was also evaluated, by means of an assay based on antibody desorption byurea. No correlation was found between the high ODs obtained for P. multocida and the serumavidity. On the other hand, samples reacting with M. haemolytica had lower OD values but higheravidity index. The antigenic recognition pattern for both microorganisms was determined bywestern blot. Unlike P. multocida, the antigenic recognition pattern of M. haemolytica did not differamong serum samples obtained from animals living in different areas. In summary, we found thatcamelids can synthetize antibodies that recognize M. haemolytica with high avidity for differentantigens of the bacterium, suggesting that Argentinean camelids are in contact with M. haemolyticawhich is probably a causative agent of subclinical infections. Conversely, specific antibodies forP. multocida were also found, but these sera presented low avidity that is probably the result of acolonization process by this bacterium, or else, to be a consequence of cross-reactivity phenomena
Author affiliation: Díaz, Ailén Magalí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Author affiliation: Ledesma, Martin Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Author affiliation: Calcagno, M. L.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Físico Matemática. Cátedra de Matemáticas; Argentina
Author affiliation: Leoni, Juliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Author affiliation: Manghi, Marcela Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Author affiliation: Canellada, Andrea Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Author affiliation: Castro, Marisa Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentina
Repository: CONICET Digital (CONICET). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas