Authors: Balboa, Guillermo R.; Archontoulis, Sotirios; Salvagiotti, Fernando; Garcia, Fernando O.; Stewart, W.M.; Francisco, Eros Artur Bohac; Vara Prasad, P.V.; Ciampitti, Ignacio A.
Publication Date: 2019.
Language: English.
Abstract:
Quantifying yield gaps (potential minus actual yield) and identifying management practices to close those gaps is critical for sustaining high-yielding production systems. The objectives of this study were to: 1) calibrate and validate the APSIM maize and soybean models using local field experimental data and 2) use the calibrated model to estimate and explain yield gaps in the long term as a function of management (high- vs low-input) and weather conditions (wet-warm, wet-cold, dry-warm and dry-cold years) in the western US Corn Belt. The model was calibrated and validated using in-season crop growth data from six maize-soybean rotations obtained in 2014 and 2015 in Kansas, US. Experimental data included two management systems: 1) Common Practices (CP, low-input), wide row spacing, lower seeding rate, and lack of nutrient applications (except N in maize), and 2) Intensified Practices (IP, high-input), narrow rows, high seeding rate, and balanced nutrition. Results indicated that APSIM simulated in-season crop above ground mass and nitrogen (N) dynamics as well yields with a modeling efficiency of 0.75 to 0.92 and a relative root mean square error of 18 to 31%. The simulated maize yield gap across all years was 4.2 and 2.5 Mg ha−1 for low- and high-input, respectively. Similarly, the soybean yield gap was 2.5 and 0.8 Mg ha−1. Simulation results indicated that the high-input management system had greater yield stability across all weather years. In warm-dry years, yield gaps were larger for both crops and water scenarios. Irrigation reduced yield variation in maize more than in soybean, relative to the rainfed scenario. Besides irrigation, model analysis indicated that N fertilization for maize and narrow rows for soybean were the main factors contributing to yield gains. This study provides a systems level yield gap assessment of maize and soybean cropping system in Western US Corn Belt that can initiate dialogue (both experimental and modeling activities) on finding and applying best management systems to close current yield gaps.
EEA Oliveros
Author affiliation: Balboa, Guillermo R. Kansas State University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Argentina
Author affiliation: Archontoulis, Sotirios. Iowa State University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Salvagiotti, Fernando. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentina
Author affiliation: García, Fernando O. International Plant Nutrition Institute. Latin American Southern Cone; Argentina
Author affiliation: Stewart, W.M. International Plant Nutrition Institute. Great Plains Region; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Francisco, Eros Artur Bohac. International Plant Nutrition Institute. Cerrados; Brasil
Author affiliation: Vara Prasad, P.V. Kansas State University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Ciampitti, Ignacio A. Kansas State University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos
Keywords: Maíz; Soja; Rotación de Cultivos; Rendimiento de Cultivos; Estados Unidos; Maize; Soybeans; Crop Rotation; Yield Gap; Crop Yield.
Repository: INTA Digital (INTA). Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
Authors: Balboa, Guillermo R.; Stewart, Mike; Salvagiotti, Fernando; García, Fernando O.; Francisco, Eros Artur Bohac; Ciampitti, Ignacio A.
Publication Date: 2017.
Language: English.
Abstract:
Ecological intensification impacted soybean yield, biomass and N uptake. Narrow row spacing, high seeding rate, other best production practices, and balanced nutrition increased partitioning effi ciency for biomass, measured by seed harvest index (HI), grain N, and N HI (NHI). Partial factor productivity of fertilizer (PFPf) increased when best production and fertilizer management practices were implemented in combination, with 19% and 28% increases under irrigated and dryland scenarios, respectively. An integrated approach, simultaneously considering multiple management factors in a farming system, is needed for closing exploitable yield gaps
EEA Oliveros
Author affiliation: Balboa, Guillermo R. Kansas State University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Stewart, W.M. International Plant Nutrition Institute. North American Program; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Salvagiotti, Fernando. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentina
Author affiliation: García, Fernando O. International Plant Nutrition Institute. Latin American Southern Cone; Argentina
Author affiliation: Francisco, Eros Artur Bohac. International Plant Nutrition Institute; Brasil
Author affiliation: Ciampitti, Ignacio A. Kansas State University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos
Repository: INTA Digital (INTA). Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
Authors: Travaglia, Claudia Noemi; Espósito, Gabriel; Balboa, Guillermo; Masciarelli, Oscar Alberto; Fortuna, Julieta; Cardozo, Paula Gabriela; Reinoso, Herminda Elmira
Publication Date: 2014.
Language: English.
Abstract:
This study evaluated the physiological and anatomical traits of two contrasting maize hybrids subjected to high density sowing in order to explain yield stability through yield component analysis and the relation between the grain yield capacities per plant according to individual growth. Experiment factors were two commercially important maize hybrids: DK190MGRR2 and DK670MG, which behave differently under stress, and two levels of plant density: 7 and 11 plant/m2 high and recommended density to favour the conditions of water stress respectively. The experiment was carried out in the west of Argentina under rainfed conditions and five replications. Physiological parameters (pigments and endogenous content of phytohormones, injury of cell membranes, yield components) and anatomical parameters (stomatal bevhaviour, foliar and peduncles anatomy, xylem and phloem area in vascular bundles) were analyzed. In this study, both maize hybrids showed a differential response to both sowing densities. The DK670 showed an increased yield (24 and 10 % at 7 and 11 plant/m2 , respectively) due to enhanced individual yield components. This hybrid was differentiated by a higher stomatal density (7±1 in the abaxial side) and pigment amount (20%, mainly chl a) which led to a better photosynthetic ability. In addition, this hybrid showed the capacity to compensate damages derived from stress, mesophyll leaf thickness and closer bundles associated with tolerance to drought, and abundance in endogenous phytohormones to cope with stress. The description of these characteristics in response to different plant densities is novel results, especially those related to anatomical analysis under the different treatments. This research shows that the ability of hybrids to take advantage of abundance of resources at lower populations is an imperative need for over-seasonal potential yield accomplishment. This could help select more appropriate management practices and contribute to production areas.
Author affiliation: Travaglia, Claudia Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Author affiliation: Espósito, Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; Argentina
Author affiliation: Balboa, Guillermo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; Argentina
Author affiliation: Masciarelli, Oscar Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Author affiliation: Fortuna, Julieta. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales; Argentina
Author affiliation: Cardozo, Paula Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Author affiliation: Reinoso, Herminda Elmira. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales; Argentina
Repository: CONICET Digital (CONICET). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
Authors: Tamagno, S.; Balboa, Guillermo R.; Assefa, Yared; Kovács, P.; Casteel, S.N.; Salvagiotti, Fernando; García, Fernando O.; Stewart, W.M.; Ciampitti, Ignacio A.
Publication Date: 2017.
Language: English.
Abstract:
On-farm attainable soybean yields are primarily limited by nutrient and water supply. High-yielding soybeans is related to high nutrient uptake. A proposed theoretical framework underpinning yield formation includes plant nitrogen (N) uptake, N harvest index (NHI), and N seed concentration (%Nseeds). The objectives of this study were focused on (i) investigating the effect of NHI and %Nseed on yield-to-uptake relation for N, and (ii) analyzing dry mass and N partitioning and extending this analysis to phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) uptake and (iii) studying the influence of specific seed:stover ratios on the relationship of N with P, and K uptake. Metadata on yield, nutrient uptake and specific-organ nutrient concentration (%nutrient) was summarized from experiments located in three different environments: Indiana, Kansas (both US), and Argentina (herein termed as IN, KS, and ARG, respectively). The main outcomes from this research were: 1) the yield-to-uptake relation for N was primarily explained by NHI; 2) the algebraic model proposed by Sinclair (1998), that includes each specific-organ %nutrient explained consistently nutrient (N, P or K) HI as a function of HI with different trend, and 3) plant nutrient ratios were primarily governed by vegetative %nutrient (stover fraction), acting as a nutrient reservoir or supply depending on the demand of nutrient in the seed. Further research on the nutrient and biomass partitioning should focus on examining the NHI:HI relationship under varying genotype x environment x management interaction.
EEA Oliveros
Author affiliation: Tamagno, S. Kansas State University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Balboa, Guillermo R. Kansas State University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Assefa, Y. Kansas State University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Kovács, P. Purdue University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Casteel, S.N. Purdue University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Salvagiotti, Fernando. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentina
Author affiliation: García, Fernando O. International Plant Nutrition Institute. Latin American Southern Cone; Argentina
Author affiliation: Stewart, W.M. International Plant Nutrition Institute. Great Plains Region; Estados Unidos
Author affiliation: Ciampitti, Ignacio A. Kansas State University. Department of Agronomy; Estados Unidos
Keywords: Soja; Nutrientes; Rendimiento; Nutrición de las Plantas; Nitrógeno; Fósforo; Potasio; Soybeans; Nutrients; Yields; Plant Nutrition; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Potassium.
Repository: INTA Digital (INTA). Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria